A quantitative method for simultaneous assay of seven active ingredients with one marker in Scrophularia ningpoensis root / 中国中药杂志

To establish a new quantitative method for simultaneous determination of multi-components in Scrophularia root by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and validate its feasibilities．Meanwhile,using catalpol as one chemical reference substance to establish the relative correct factors and relative retention values of aucubin,harpagide,acteoside,angoroside C,harpagoside and cinnamic acid．Then using the quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker (QAMS)model,the six analytes can be quantitatively determined in Scrophularia root．The method was evaluated by comparison of the quantitative results to external standard method．No significant differences were observed between the quantitative results of the two methods．The obtained RCFs were credible．It is feasible and suitable to evaluate the quality of Scrophularia root.

Investigate optimum conditions and determinate changes of β-glucosidase activity in Scrophularia root under different drying conditions / 中国中药杂志

To explore the optimum conditions of β-glucosidase activity in Scrophularia root by using pNPG method. The extraction conditions and reaction conditions (such as extraction liquid type, reaction system, reaction time, temperature, and substrate concentration) were screened by using monofactorial experiment and homogeneous design. Then the changes of β-glucosidase activity in Scrophularia root were detected at the drying temperature of 40-100 ℃. The results showed that citric acid phosphate buffer had better extraction effect, and the maximum absorbance produced by enzymatic reaction was present at 50 ℃ environment after reaction for 30 min. Homogeneous design experiment determined that the optimal conditions were as follows: optimal extraction liquid pH 7.0; enzymatic reaction system pH 6.0; substrate concentration 20 mmol•L⁻¹. The change of enzyme activity was affected by drying temperature and water loss rate. In the drying temperature of 60-100 ℃, the enzyme activity was reduced rapidly with the increase in water loss rate, while the activity was seen even with 0% of water at 40 and 50 ℃. This study has laid the theoretical foundation for research of hydrolysis mechanism of iridoid glycosides and optimum drying process.

Prognostic value of microvessel density and angiogenesis-related molecules in epithelial ovarian cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the correlations of microvessel density (MVD), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), thrombospodin1 (TSP1) and p53 protein with prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Samples from 57 patients with primary epithelial ovarian cancer were examined by immunohistochemical staining using anti-VEGF, anti-TSP1, anti-p53 and anti-CD34 antibodies. The correlation of MVD, expression of VEGF, TSP1 and p53 protein with postoperative recurrence and overall survival were analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>VEGF, TSP1 and p53 protein was positively detected in 40 (70.2%), 27 (47.4%) and 35 (61.4%) of those patients, respectively. The mean MVD in this series was 30.3 +/- 8.5. High MVD, positive VEGF expression and negative TSP1 expression were positively correlated with postoperative recurrence. Univariate analysis showed that patients with high MVD, positive expression of VEGF and p53 had shorter median overall survival time than those with lower MVD, negative expression of VEGF and p53 (P = 0.0187, P = 0.010 and P = 0.005, respectively), while TSP1 expression was revealed as a protective factor for prognosis. Patients with positive expression of TSP1 had longer median overall survival time than those with negative TSP1 expression (P = 0.042). Multivariate analysis showed that MVD and p53 expression were two independent prognostic factors in epithelial ovarian cancer (P = 0.018 and P = 0.009, respectively).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>VEGF, TSP1 and p53 protein may play an important role in the angiogenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer. High MVD level and p53 protein expression are two independent poor prognostic factors.</p>

A study on accommodation mechanism with numerical simulation / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: Accommodation is one of the most important functions of human eye, while its mechanism is still under discussion. This paper aimed to study accommodation mechanism with numerical simulation.METHODS: A simulation model was constructed to study the mechanism of accommodation based on the experimental data derived from published resources. The displacement and pressure are applied on the model to study the deformation of lens during accommodating.RESULTS: The simulation showed that, as the eye was accommodating, the thickness of the lens increased linearly,and the lens diameter decreased linearly. The optical power of the lens increased as the accommodation increased. This result was accord with the public facts in accommodation.Furthermore, the pressure was found to have a great influence on the shape of the lens and the optical power. The lens became thinner and flatter as the pressure increased and the pressure caused a remarkable increase of lens' optical power.CONCLUSION: The outcome of this paper is consistent with the Helmholtz's hypothesis on accommodation to some extent. The analytical model presented in this paper can be used in the theoretical study of the accommodation mechanism of the human lens.

Deletion of p15 and pl6 genes and overexpression of STK15 gene in primary hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association of p15 and pl6 genes deletion and STKI5 gene overexpression in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The carcinoma tissue and the adjacent normal tissue were taken from 30 PHC patients during operations who had had neither chemotherapy nor radiotherapy preoperatively. DNA was extracted from the tissues and PCR was used to determine the homozygous deletion of p15 exon2 (pl5E2) and pl6 exon 2 (pl6E2). RNA was extracted, cDNA was synthesized by RT-PCR, and the expression of STKI5 gene was tested by PCR. Beta-actin was used as an internal control. Average density value (ADV) of STK15 gene and that of beta-actin gene were determined in both carcinoma tissue and the adjacent normal tissue.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rate of p15E2 deletion was 13.3% (4/30) and the rate of p16E2 deletion was 16.7% (5/30) in the carcinoma tissue. The p15E2 and pl6E2 co-deletion rate was 6.7% (2/30). In 19 of the 30 cases (63.3%) the expression of STK15 gene in carcinoma tissue was higher than that in the adjacent normal tissue. The ratio of ADV of STK15 gene to ADV of beta-actin gene (1.53+/-0.31) in the carcinoma tissue was significantly higher than that (0.91+/-0.25) in the paired adjacent normal tissue (t = 2.86).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The homozygous deletion of p15E2 and p16E2 and overexpression of STKI5 gene may play a role in the oncogenesis and malignant progression of PHC.</p>

Dyuamical studies on metabolic chemistry of lignans from seeds of Arctium lappa / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the metabolic chemistry and pharmaco-dynamics characters of ligan from seeds of Arctium lappa.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>HPLC method was used in the study. The analysis was carried out on C18 column. The mobile phase was CH3CN-0.05% H3PO4 (36:64) with flow-rate at 0.6 mL x min(-1) and wave-length of 210 nm. The column temperature was kept at 25 degrees C.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The results indicated that the ligan was detected in plasma and the main organs 5 min after po. The main metabolic production in plasma was arctigenin. In addition, arctigenin and an unknown product were found in metabolic production in the organs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method was stable,simple and reproducible. It can be used to determine the metabolic product of the ligan. The metabolic chemistry of ligan in plasma was obviously different from that in the main organs.</p>